For a shower tray going onto chipboard, the main priority is making the floor solid, level and moisture-resistant before anything goes on top of it. Chipboard on its own is never ideal under a tray, so the prep matters more than the order of installation.
First check the chipboard for movement. If there is any bounce or flex, screw it down firmly into the joists using plenty of wood screws. Any movement under the tray will eventually cause leaks. If the chipboard is damaged, swollen, or crumbly from moisture, replace that section rather than trying to patch it.
Once it is solid, the usual next step is to overboard the chipboard with something stable and waterproof. Most fitters use either 6mm cement backer board or 18mm plywood. Cement board is better in wet rooms because it does not swell. Screw it down tight, making sure the surface is flat.
After that, seal the joints with waterproof tape or a suitable sealant, then apply a tanking slurry or primer around the shower area. This gives you a moisture barrier and protects the floor if any water escapes.
Once the base is flat, rigid and sealed, you can bed the shower tray on either a full bed of flexible adhesive or a sand and cement mix, depending on the tray manufacturer’s instructions.
A full, even bed is essential so the tray is fully supported with no hollow spots.
Your plan to install the tray first and then run the flooring up to it is the standard way of doing it and much better than tiling underneath the tray.